Correlation between PD-L1 expression, demographic and pathological characters in patients with breast cancer

Abstract

Author(s): Ghasaq Mohammed Muhibul*, Eman Tariq Ali and Maitham Ali Alrikabi

The expression of Programmed Death-Ligand 1 (PD-L1) is associated with immune response evasion in breast cancer, making patients qualified for PD-L1 inhibitors. To better understand the prognostic value of PD-L1 in breast cancer, the aim of the study to discover the correlation between PDL1 expression and pathological characteristics and the prognostic feathers for breast cancer patients and compare the expression of PD-L1 level for both pre-treatment and post-treatment groups. In total, 142 female patients with breast cancer and 60 healthy females as control were enrolled in the study. ELISA technology was used to evaluate serum PDL-1 expression. Other patient information and tumour data were obtained from pathology reports. At a diagnosis, the mean age for total patients was (50.59 ± 12.61) years range (23-87). The higher PDL-1 expression was in (40-69) age group.PDL- 1 was positively significantly associated with age (P=0.001), family history (p=0.0001), and menopausal status (p=0.02). No significant association was found between PD-L1 expression and body mass index. The tumour stage was significantly associated with PD-L1 expression (p=0.0001); the higher expression was found in patients with advanced stages of tumour III and IV (p=0.0001). There were significant differences in the expression of PD-L1 between pre-treatment and post-treatment groups in all stages (p=0.0001). Significantly the PD-L1 expression was associated with metastasis (p=0.0001), and there were significant differences in metastasis patients than nonmetastasis for both groups. Significant associations were observed between PD-L1 expression with tumour grade, tumour size, lymph node status, and lymph vascular invasion (p=0.0001). There is a strong positive correlation between the expression of PDL-1 with age, stages, grades, tumour size, lymph node status, and metastasis. Serum expression of PD-L1 was associated to worse prognosis and progressive pathologic characteristics in breast cancer

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