Plasma Cathepsin V Levels in relation to angiogenesis and obesity in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with poor control: Implications for oncology

Abstract

Author(s): Alaa A Mahmoud*, Ahmed A Mohsin and Walaa E Jassim

Diabetes and obesity prevalence are rising everywhere in the world. The primary chronic diabetes consequences, which are linked to death and disability, are diabetic vascular problems. One important pathogenic trait of diabetic microvascular problems is angiogenesis.

Aim of study: This study measured the level of cathepsin V and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A (VEGF-A) among a group of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who have poor control and its correlation with each other, obesity and hyperglycemia.

Methods: The research study involved 110 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 70 apparently healthy subjects between the ages of 40 and 70. The Roche Cobas Integra 400 Plus was used to calculate the percentage of glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) and Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) concentration. Cathepsin V and VEGF-A levels in serum were assayed using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) kit. Weight/height² was used as a formula to estimate the Body Mass Index (BMI).

Results: Compared to the controls, patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus exhibited significantly higher levels of VEGF-A and cathepsin V in their blood (p<0.001). Significant positive correlation was seen between cathepsin V and VEGF-A in patient’s individuals. There was a positive correlation between cathepsin V and VEGF-A levels with the duration of the disease (p=0.017). Furthermore, a significant positive correlation was observed between VEGF-A levels and serum glucose levels in patients. It was not observed significant correlation between cathepsin V and VEGF-A with Body Mass Index (BMI) in patient’s individuals.

Conclusions: Poor controlled diabetes mellitus patients produce more cathepsin V and VEGF-A than normal level which may contribute in excessive angiogenesis and complication of diabetes mellitus. The increased angiogenesis process in type 2 diabetes mellitus is not associated with obesity. To validate the precise mechanisms of cathepsin V action and its potential as a therapeutic target, more study is required.

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