Prehilar branching pattern variation in renal artery ? A cadaveric study

Abstract

Author(s): Bheemesh Pusala, Nitya Waghray, Archana Rajasundaram, W.M. S. Johnson

Introduction: The surge in living kidney transplantation surgeries in recent decades has greatly evolved due to changes in environmental, oncological, and metabolic factors. Live kidney donors have become essential to successful transplantation surgeries. This required complete awareness of prehilar branching pattern variations in renal arteries.

Aims and objectives: The aim was to carry out a descriptive observational study on the prehilar branching pattern of renal vascularity in cadavers.

Materials & Methods: The present study comprises an adult male human cadaver, Scalpel, forceps, scissors. The blunt dissection was carried out to clear the fat and fascia from the anterior surface of the kidneys and expose the renal arteries. Then carefully examine the renal vascularity

Findings: The current study has shown that the right renal artery arises from the abdominal aorta at a higher level than the left renal artery. Then it passed towards the right side for 2 cm and showed ladder-type division as primary and secondary branches (Type III). Then the primary branch showed a fork type of division as a trifurcation (Type II). The left side renal artery was identified as a fork-type division with trifurcation (Type II).

Conclusion: The variation in the right renal artery showing ladder type and primary branch fork type with the trifurcation is not included in the classification of the prehilar branching pattern of the renal artery by the previous studies. Hence, we are proposing it as a Type M III a variety. Awareness of variations in prehilar branching patterns is essential for surgical management during renal transplantation procedures.

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