Therapeutic outcome of Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma

Abstract

Author(s): Mohammed H. Alqambar*, Jamal Alsaeed, Abdulaziz Alwosabie, Njoud Alkaldi, Amal Abu alsaud, Zainab Alsaffar, Bashayer Aldossary, Gadeer Emsaad, Sahar Alradwan, Omar Amin, Mansour Alenezy, Mais Saradi and Fatima Kalifa

Introduction: The majority of patients with Differentiated Thyroid Cancer (DTC) diagnosis have long-term survival, a considerable number may have a persistent or recurrent illness, and some may ultimately succumb to their thyroid cancer. The present study aimed to determine the disease-specific mortality and to identify the risk factors for recurrence.

Material and Methods: This cohort research was conducted in the King Fahad Specialist Hospital in Dammam, Saudi Arabia. The electronic and paper files of all patients with a DTC diagnosis were reviewed. All 460 eligible individuals were risk-stratified using the 2015 American Thyroid Association. The Kaplan-Meier estimator was used to assess the Overall Survival (OS). Results: Out of 460 patients 369 (80.8%) were female. The median age 43.2 years (20 years-85 years). Patients were risk stratified using tumour node and metastasis (TNM) staging as well as American Thyroid Association (ATA) guidelines, based on that 270 (58.6%) patients were low risk, 146 (31.7%) patients intermediate risk and 44 (9.6%) patients fell in the high-risk category. The four patients who died were classified as high risk from the beginning with the following statistically significant risk factors for mortality, the median age of 66 years (p-value= 0.005), N1b lymph nodes metastasis (p-value 0.05) and unstimulated thyroglobulin level >5 (p-value 0.003).

Conclusions: Differentiated thyroid cancer is common, the vast majority are low risk, and with the current strategy of management, the prognosis is excellent. Age > 55 years, presence of distant metastasis, and unstimulated thyroglobulin of >5 were considered factors that negatively influenced the survival.

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