Thyroid Carcinoma Management Approaches in Mosul City

Abstract

Author(s): Amina Nazar Abdulrazaq, Ammar H. Yahia, Ahmed Sabah Mohammed Jameel

Thyroid cancer is the most commonly diagnosed endocrine cancer worldwide. In Iraq during 2020, the recorded new cases of thyroid cancer were 1,660(4.9%), which ranked in 5 position. To describe the management approaches of thyroid cancer at Nuclear Medicine department at Oncology and Nuclear Medicine hospital in Mosul city. A descriptive cross-sectional study design was conducted in the Nuclear Medicine Department at Oncology and Nuclear Medicine Hospital, Mosul, Iraq from January 2021 to July 2021. The dose and number of RAI doses were determined, which started from 30 mCi, 50 mCi, 100 mCi, 150 mCi and 175 mCi. A total of 213 patients (175 females and 38 males) with mean age (41.6 ± 13.2) years diagnosed with thyroid cancer. The M : F ratio was 1:4.6. The majority of patients undergoing total thyroidectomy in 164(77%) of patients. The most common complication of surgery of thyroid cancer recorded in this study was thyroid insufficiency in 146(68.5%) of patients. Approximately, 191/213 (89.7%) of patients received RAI as diagnostic or therapeutic doses. Nearly all patients 212(99.5%) received hormonal replacement therapy of synthetic Levothyroxine. Only one patients with ATC received chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The fourth and fifth decade of life are the prevalent age groups diagnosed with thyroid cancer. Females are still the predominant gender for thyroid cancer. The radical surgery are better approaches to decrease recurrence, increase survival and good prognosis. RAI and hormonal replacement therapy are better adjuvant therapy.

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