Utilization of biodegradable calcium phosphate nanocarriers for the purpose of delivering drugs to tumors

Abstract

Author(s): Ragini Patel, Srishti Namdeo, Venu Anand Das

Calcium phosphate (CaP) is an inorganic mineral found in complex tissues, including bone and teeth. CaP has been widely used in dental and orthopedic implants and bone tissue engineering due to its biocompatibility and biodegradability, closely resembling real bone. Calcium phosphate Nanoparticles (CaP-NP) may be used as efficient delivery carriers for transporting therapeutic substances, including nucleic acids, medicines, proteins, and enzymes, into tumor cells when formulated as nanoparticles. Recently, many methodologies have been devised to fabricate CaP Nanocarriers (CaP-NC) with the ability to adjust their size, maintain stability, and exhibit multiple functionalities. Additionally, the surfaces of these nanocarriers have been modified with targeting moieties to facilitate active targeting. The use of CaP-NC has been seen in loading probes, nucleic acids, anti-cancer medicines, and photosensitizers for cancer imaging, treatment, and theranostics. In this paper it has been conducted a comprehensive examination and methodologies used for the synthesis of biodegradable CaP-NC using coprecipitation method. The co-precipitation method is a highly regulated synthesis approach used for producing biodegradable CaP-NC, making it a viable technology in DD applications. The standalone application of biodegradable CaP-NC exhibits a modest inhibitory impact on the proliferation of tumors, resulting in a volume of 1000 mm3 by the fifth day. However, the utilization of biodegradable CaP-NC in conjunction with the incorporation of Doxorubicin (DOX) and the application of laser therapy yields a noteworthy decrease in tumor size, resulting in a final volume of 600 mm3. This outcome underscores the promising prospects of employing this particular DD system as a productive approach to cancer treatment. The findings of this study highlight the enhanced anti-tumor effectiveness of the combination of biodegradable CaP-NC, DOX, and laser treatment, indicating its potential as a viable strategy for reducing tumor volume

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